Best second line regime after chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination
Dr Tan Jiunn Liang, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)

The first line of treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who lack a molecular driver has changed from traditional doublet chemotherapy to immunotherapy-based treatments with and without chemotherapy. Cancer immunotherapy has produced an unprecedented durable response rate. The majority of patients, however, either do not benefit from treatment or risk relapsing following a period of response. A better understanding of the mechanisms limiting cancer immunotherapy may be helpful in defining the best second line of treatment because there aren't many options for therapy after cancer immunotherapy fails, including chemotherapy and antiangiogenic drugs. Unlike immunotherapy challenge approaches, which are only supported by retrospective data, new combination strategies, such as immunotherapy and cell-signaling inhibitors or double immunotherapy, represent the most recent and promising method of treating cancer.